精品解析：2024年全国甲卷英语真题-凯发k8国际

2024年高考全国甲卷英语试题和答案第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分）第一节（共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. where are the speakers going? a. a new restaurant. b. a convenience store. c. their office. 2. when is the class presentation according to vicky? a. on thursday. b. on wednesday. c. on tuesday. 3. why does the woman make the call? a. to check the price. b. to make an apology. c. to cancel her order. 4. what is the probable relationship between the speakers? a. husband and wife. b. boss and employee. c. salesperson and customer. 5. what are the speakers mainly talking about? a. their move to a new place. b. tom's friends at school. c. a sports center. 第二节（共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6 段材料, 回答第6、7题。6. what does the girl tell her dad? a. she decides to quit college. b. she worries about her academic ability. c. she is unpopular with her classmates. 7. how does the father help his daughter? a. by telling a funny joke. b. by sharing his own story. c. by planning a school tour. 听第7段材料, 回答第8 至 10题。8. who is the man? a. a researcher. b. a bird watcher. c. a radio host. 9. when do birds sing quieter? a. on weekend mornings. b. during rush hours. c. in early evenings. 10. what is dr. zollinger going to do next? a. summarize her studies. b. play some recordings. c. answer more questions. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。11. where was jena born? a in canada. b. in japan. c. in australia. 12. how old was mike when he left glasgow? a. five. b. six. c. ten. 13. what do we know about mike's parents? a. they enjoy living abroad. b. they first met at the age of 20. c. they will start their own company. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至16题。14. what is the first question to mr. green about? a. his adventure in space. b. his physical condition. c. his doctor's advice. 15. how does mr. green feel about traveling to mars? a. it's unlikely to happen. b. it's physically demanding. c. it's a chance not to be missed. 16. which is mr. green's favorite movie? a. apollo 13. b. blue earth. c. space station. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。17. what is the speaker doing? a. giving a report. b. introducing a musical play. c. making an announcement. 18. what are the students expected to do? a. carry school flags. b. wear fun clothes. c. design fancy masks. 19. where can the parents stand and watch? a. on the sidewalk. b. on the playground. c. in front of the office. 20. what should the students do if they don't take part? a let their teacher know. b. stay in the lecture hall. c. do some reading. 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出最佳选项。aeach arts first festival is a unique annual celebration of the harvard community's artistic creativity. we invite you to join us for the coming arts first. we look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. the festival is a public event for harvard and community members of all ages. light awash in watercolorlearn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the harvard art museums materials lab. try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of american watercolors 1880-1990: into the light. spineless artists: invertebrate creativityfrom webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. join javier marin from the harvard museum of natural history to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. wheel throwingjoin instructors from the ceramics program and great potters from quincy, cabot and mather houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. then create your own masterpiece! knitting and pom-pom makingjoin the harvard undergraduate knitting circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织).1. what do we know about arts first?a. it is an exhibition of oil paintings. b. it offers art courses for all ages.c. it presents recreational activities. d. it is a major tourist attraction.2. which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures?a. light awash in watercolor. b. spineless artists: invertebrate creativity.c. wheel throwing. d. knitting and pom-pom making.3. what can you do together with javier marin?a. practice a traditional dance. b. make handcrafts.c. visit a local museum. d. feed invertebrates.banimals can express their needs using a lot of ways. for instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. but cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. they are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it. if a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food. however, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed. cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. they use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. they will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. however, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. that's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like. dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. this is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物). cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. these adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time. so just go along with it!4. what can be learned about cats' meowing from the first paragraph?a. it's a survival skill. b. it's taught by mother cats.c. it's hard to interpret. d. it's getting louder with age.5. how does a pet cat assess different situations?a. by listening for sounds. b. by touching familiar objects.c. by checking on smells. d. by communicating with other cats.6. which best explains the phrase "take. . . up notch" in paragraph 3?a. perform appropriately. b. move faster. c. act strangely. d. do better.7. what is a suitable title for the text?a. tips on finding a smart cat b. understanding your cat's behaviorc. have fun with your cat d. how to keep your cat healthycthe saint lukas train doesn’t accept passengers — it accepts only the sick. the saint lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern russia. each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, x-ray scans and prescriptions. “people started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says emile ducke, a german photographer who traveled with the staff of the saint lukas for a two-week trip in november through the vast regions (区域) of krasnoyarsk and khakassia. russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. the government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the volga river, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like krasnoyarsk. the annual arrival of the saint lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. for 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). then it starts all over again the next month. most stations wait about a year between visits. doctors see up to 150 patients every day. the train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “i was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says ducke. “they were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ”8. how is the saint lukas different from other trains?a. it runs across countries. b. it reserves seats for the seniors.c. it functions as a hospital. d. it travels along a river.9. what can we infer from paragraph 3 about krasnoyarsk?a. it is heavily populated. b. it offers training for doctors.c. it is a modern city. d. it needs medical aid.10. how long can the saint lukas work with one supply?a. about a year. b. about ten months.c. about two months. d. about two weeks.11. what is ducke’s attitude toward the saint lukas’ services?a. appreciative. b. doubtful c. ambiguous. d. cautious.d“i didn’t like the ending” i said to my favorite college professor. it was my junior year of undergraduate, and i was doing an independent study on victorian literature. i had just finished reading the mill on the floss by george eliot, and i was heartbroken with the ending. prof. gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether i liked it or not. he suggested i think about the difference between endings that i wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. of course, i would have preferred a different ending for tom and maggie tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them. this was an aha moment for me, and i never thought about endings the same way again. from then on, if i wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, i’d pick up a love romance. if i wanted an ending i couldn’t guess, i’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说). one where i kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. choosing what to read became easier. but writing the end — that’s hard. it’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. you have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters. that’s why this issue (期) of writer’s digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. if it’s short stories, peter mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. elizabeth sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. this issue won’t tell you what your ending should be — that’s up to you and the story you’re telling — but it might provide what you need to get there.12. why did the author go to prof. gracie?a. to discuss a novel. b. to submit a book report.c. to argue for a writer. d. to ask for a reading list.13. what did the author realize after seeing gracie?a. writing is a matter of personal preferences.b. readers are often carried away by character.c. each type of literature has its unique end.d. a story which begins well will end well.14. what is expected of a good ending?a. it satisfies readers’ taste. b. it fits with the story development.c. it is usually positive. d. it is open for imagination.15. why does the author mention peter mountford and elizabeth sims?a. to give examples of great novelists. b. to stress the theme of this issue.c. to encourage writing for the magazine. d. to recommend their new books.第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分）根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。what is moderation (适度)? basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. you should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ but it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. take your time. it's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ it actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. eat with others whenever possible. eating alone, “specially in front of the tv or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. and be careful about the foods you keep at hand. it's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____19____ many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. but by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. ____20____ a healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. avoid eating late at night. try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.a. eat properly throughout the day.b. we don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.c. don't swallow a meal on the way to work.d. most of us need to double the amount we eat.e. instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.f. for many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.g. that won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节, 满分45分）第一节（共20小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。one day, we had a family dinner. while the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, i was left alone in the ____21____ to help my grandmother wash dishes. ____22____ my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood. born just before wwii, my grandmother ____23____ an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. she did not have a chance to go to ____24____. like in typical families, where boys were ____25____ much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do ____26____. the only opportunity (机会) she could seize to ____27____ was when her brother was having chinese ____28____ with the family tutor. she would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening ____29____. this training taught her to read and write her chinese upside down — a skill that has turned out to be quite ____30____, especially whenever we share the newspaper. on most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then, and her brother would go to the ____31____. there, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their ____32____ while they watched all action going on around them. this is something i ____33____ — her ability to open her ____34____ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. my childhood is quite ____35____ compared with hers. i am ____36____ that i did not need to ____37____ the hardships like she did. i've never faced the problem of ____38____. i guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to ____39____ to: her stories always make my history textbooks ____40____.21. a. sitting room b. kitchen c. yard d. dining hall22. a. as always b. by the way c. for example d. here and now23. a. adjusted b. promoted c. achieved d. experienced24. a. work b. school c. court d. press25. a. favored b. tolerated c. trusted d. acknowledged26. a. gardening b. homework c. business d. housework27. a. exercise b. study c. explore d. teach28. a. food b. guests c. lessons d. tea29. a. closely b. directly c. nervously d. freely30. a. professional b. awkward c. simple d. practical31. a. market b. mountain c. beach d. class32. a. secret b. breath c. view d. tongue33. a. admire b. notice c. adopt d. value34. a. hands b. mouth c. eyes d. arms35. a. difficult b. complex c. happy d. similar36 a. grateful b. surprised c. convinced d. regretful37. a. reflect upon b. go through c. ask about d. prepare for38. a. unemployment b. health c. education d. communication39. a. attend b. refer c. lead d. talk40. a. come true b. come round c. come out d. come alive第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. they are ____42____ (treasure) of american heritage (遗产). how did the national park system come about? on a cool, starry night in mid-september 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the firehole river in ____43____ is now northwestern wyoming. they ____44____(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. what should ____45____(do) with such a beautiful place? they wondered out loud. this area, with ____46____ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____47____ all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. they all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the ____48____ (complete) of their journey. their promotional work paid off. two years later, 18 years before wyoming became a state, yellowstone became the first national park in the united states and the world. yellowstone was the ____49____ (large) united states national park — 2.2 million acres — until wrangell-saint elias in southern alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。last week, i saw a program about chongqing hotpot on tv. i was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me. our fast train was packing with passengers. a attendant gave us some travel brochures about chongqing. when we arrived, we went straight a famous restaurant and ordered dishes, which tasted greatly. the atmosphere here made the meal all the more enjoyed. hotpot is meant for families and friends to sit together, dip everything they like this in one pot, and shared friendship and love.第二节书面表达（满分25分）52. 英语课要求做课堂展示, 请你根据所给图片，以development of transport in china为题写一篇发言稿。注意: 1. 词数 100 左右; 2. 题目和首句已为你写好。development of transport in chinafrom the vehicle of horses to today's convenient transport, chinese transport has an enormous development. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1—5 acbca 6—10 bbcab 11—15 ababc 16—20 acbca 第1页/共1页学科网（北京）股份有限公司$$ 2024年高考全国甲卷英语试题和答案第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分）第一节（共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. where are the speakers going? a. a new restaurant. b. a convenience store. c. their office. 2. when is the class presentation according to vicky? a. on thursday. b. on wednesday. c. on tuesday. 3. why does the woman make the call? a. to check the price. b. to make an apology. c. to cancel her order. 4. what is the probable relationship between the speakers? a. husband and wife. b. boss and employee. c. salesperson and customer. 5. what are the speakers mainly talking about? a. their move to a new place. b. tom's friends at school. c. a sports center. 第二节（共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6 段材料, 回答第6、7题。6. what does the girl tell her dad? a. she decides to quit college. b. she worries about her academic ability. c. she is unpopular with her classmates. 7. how does the father help his daughter? a. by telling a funny joke. b. by sharing his own story. c. by planning a school tour. 听第7段材料, 回答第8 至 10题。8. who is the man? a. a researcher. b. a bird watcher. c. a radio host. 9. when do birds sing quieter? a. on weekend mornings. b. during rush hours. c. in early evenings. 10. what is dr. zollinger going to do next? a. summarize her studies. b. play some recordings. c. answer more questions. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。11. where was jena born? a. in canada. b. in japan. c. in australia. 12. how old was mike when he left glasgow? a. five. b. six. c. ten. 13. what do we know about mike's parents? a. they enjoy living abroad. b. they first met at the age of 20. c. they will start their own company. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至16题。14. what is the first question to mr. green about? a. his adventure in space. b. his physical condition. c. his doctor's advice. 15. how does mr. green feel about traveling to mars? a. it's unlikely to happen. b. it's physically demanding. c. it's a chance not to be missed. 16. which is mr. green's favorite movie? a. apollo 13. b. blue earth. c. space station. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。17. what is the speaker doing? a. giving a report. b. introducing a musical play. c. making an announcement. 18 what are the students expected to do? a. carry school flags. b. wear fun clothes. c. design fancy masks. 19. where can the parents stand and watch? a. on the sidewalk. b. on the playground. c. in front of the office. 20. what should the students do if they don't take part? a. let their teacher know. b. stay in the lecture hall. c. do some reading. 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出最佳选项。aeach arts first festival is a unique annual celebration of the harvard community's artistic creativity. we invite you to join us for the coming arts first. we look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. the festival is a public event for harvard and community members of all ages. light awash in watercolorlearn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the harvard art museums materials lab. try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of american watercolors 1880-1990: into the light. spineless artists: invertebrate creativityfrom webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. join javier marin from the harvard museum of natural history to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. wheel throwingjoin instructors from the ceramics program and great potters from quincy, cabot and mather houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. then create your own masterpiece! knitting and pom-pom makingjoin the harvard undergraduate knitting circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织).1. what do we know about arts first?a. it is an exhibition of oil paintings. b. it offers art courses for all ages.c. it presents recreational activities. d. it is a major tourist attraction.2. which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures?a. light awash in watercolor. b. spineless artists: invertebrate creativity.c. wheel throwing. d. knitting and pom-pom making.3. what can you do together with javier marin?a. practice a traditional dance. b. make handcrafts.c. visit a local museum. d. feed invertebrates.【答案】1. c 2. a 3. b【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了arts first艺术节的相关艺术展览和艺术制作活动，并且邀请热爱的学生或社区成员加入。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“we look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making' activities.(我们期待着您的到来，我们将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力。)”以及下文的四个小标题“light awash in watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”；“spineless artists: invertebrate creativity(没有骨气的艺术家:无脊椎的创造力)”；“wheel throwing (投掷轮子)”和“knitting and pom-pom making (编织和制作毛绒球)”可推知，arts first是提供娱乐活动的。故选c项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“light awash in watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the harvard art museums materials lab. try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of american watercolors 1880 — 1990: into the light. (与哈佛艺术博物馆材料实验室的专家一起了解水彩颜料的材料和质量。在即将到来的“1880 — 1990年美国水彩画：进入光”展览中，尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。)”可知，如果对画画感兴趣，可以参加light awash in watercolor。故选a项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“spineless artists: invertebrate creativity (无脊椎艺术家：无脊椎动物的创造力)”部分中的“join javier marin from the harvard museum of history to learn how insects and other natural invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials. (和哈佛历史博物馆的javier marin一起学习昆虫和其他自然无脊椎动物是如何跳舞、启发时尚和创造艺术的。同时用手工材料制作你自己的无脊椎艺术家。)”可知，参与者能跟javier marin一起进行手工制作。故选b项。banimals can express their needs using a lot of ways. for instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. but cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. they are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it. if a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food. however, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed. cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. they use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. they will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. however, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. that's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like. dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. this is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物). cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. these adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time. so just go along with it!4. what can be learned about cats' meowing from the first paragraph?a. it's a survival skill. b. it's taught by mother cats.c. it's hard to interpret. d. it's getting louder with age.5. how does a pet cat assess different situations?a. by listening for sounds. b. by touching familiar objects.c. by checking on smells. d. by communicating with other cats.6. which best explains the phrase "take. . . up notch" in paragraph 3?a. perform appropriately. b. move faster. c. act strangely. d. do better.7. what is a suitable title for the text?a. tips on finding a smart cat b. understanding your cat's behaviorc. have fun with your cat d. how to keep your cat healthy【答案】4. a 5. c 6. d 7. b【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了猫通过叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物来表达需求、评估环境和展示爱意。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. for instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. (动物可以用很多方式来表达他们的需求。例如，几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音，它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护。)”和“meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed. (猫宝宝一出生就开始喵喵叫，喵喵叫是为了引起妈妈的注意和被喂食。)”可知，猫叫声是一种生存技能。故选a。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. they use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. (猫有许多敏锐的感官，但它们的嗅觉令人印象深刻。它们用鼻子来评估周围的环境，寻找任何危险的迹象。)”可知，宠物猫通过检查气味来评估不同情况。故选c。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词前半句“dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,  (狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取习惯而闻名)”和后句“many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. (许多猫会在外面随意找到一些东西，并把它们带给主人。)”可知，狗以取回东西而闻名，但猫可以从外边找到东西带回来，因此在这一行为上更上一层楼。短语take ... up a notch是用来形容猫在带回东西这一行为上做得更好或更出色。故选d。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.( 动物可以用很多方式来表达他们的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介绍和解释猫的各种行为方式，包括叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物的习惯，以及这些行为背后的原因和意义。所以“understanding your cat’s behavior(了解你的猫的行为)”作文文章标题最为合适。故选b。cthe saint lukas train doesn’t accept passengers — it accepts only the sick. the saint lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern russia. each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, x-ray scans and prescriptions. “people started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says emile ducke, a german photographer who traveled with the staff of the saint lukas for a two-week trip in november through the vast regions (区域) of krasnoyarsk and khakassia. russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. the government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the volga river, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like krasnoyarsk. the annual arrival of the saint lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. for 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). then it starts all over again the next month. most stations wait about a year between visits. doctors see up to 150 patients every day. the train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “i was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says ducke. “they were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ”8. how is the saint lukas different from other trains?a. it runs across countries. b. it reserves seats for the seniors.c. it functions as a hospital. d. it travels along a river.9. what can we infer from paragraph 3 about krasnoyarsk?a. it is heavily populated. b. it offers training for doctors.c. it is a modern city. d. it needs medical aid.10. how long can the saint lukas work with one supply?a. about a year. b. about ten months.c. about two months. d. about two weeks.11. what is ducke’s attitude toward the saint lukas’ services?a. appreciative. b. doubtful c. ambiguous. d. cautious.【答案】8. c 9. d 10. d 11. a【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述政府赞助了五辆名为圣卢卡斯的医疗列车为俄罗斯中部和东部偏远地区每年提供为期10个月的巡回医疗服务，为乡村居民提供基本医疗检查和治疗，改善当地医疗条件。【8题详解】细节理解题，根据文章第一段“the saint lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern russia. each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村)populations with basic medical care, x-ray scans and prescriptions. (圣卢卡斯号是五列政府资助的医疗列车之一，前往俄罗斯中部和东部的偏远城镇。每一站平均停留两天，在此期间，船上的医生和护士为农村人口提供基本医疗服务、x光扫描和处方。)”可知，圣卢卡斯号与其他火车的不同之处在于它是政府资助的医疗火车，充当医院。故选c。【9题详解】推理判断题，第三段提到“russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. the government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the volga river, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like krasnoyarsk. (俄罗斯的公共卫生保健服务迫切需要现代化。政府一直在努力提出解决这一问题的措施，特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫穷的农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约，扩大财政援助计划，激励医生到克拉斯诺亚尔斯克等偏远地区行医。) ”可以推断，krasnoyarsk需要医疗援助，故选d。【10题详解】细节理解题，根据第四段“for 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). ”(每年有10个月，火车在两周内停靠大约八个车站，然后返回地区首府进行补给和重新装货。) ”可知，圣卢卡斯号一份补给可以工作大约两周，故选d。【11题详解】推断判断题。根据最后一段的““i was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned, ” says ducke. “they were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ”(“医生和他们的助手在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关注，这给我留下了深刻的印象，”ducke说。这是许多农村人获得他们想要的治疗的最好机会。”)”可知，ducke对saint lukas的服务持赞赏的态度，故选a。d“i didn’t like the ending,” i said to my favorite college professor. it was my junior year of undergraduate, and i was doing an independent study on victorian literature. i had just finished reading the mill on the floss by george eliot, and i was heartbroken with the ending. prof. gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether i liked it or not. he suggested i think about the difference between endings that i wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. of course, i would have preferred a different ending for tom and maggie tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them. this was an aha moment for me, and i never thought about endings the same way again. from then on, if i wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, i’d pick up a love romance. if i wanted an ending i couldn’t guess, i’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说). one where i kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. choosing what to read became easier. but writing the end — that’s hard. it’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. you have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters. that’s why this issue (期) of writer’s digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. if it’s short stories, peter mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. elizabeth sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. this issue won’t tell you what your ending should be — that’s up to you and the story you’re telling — but it might provide what you need to get there.12. why did the author go to prof. gracie?a. to discuss a novel. b. to submit a book report.c. to argue for a writer. d. to ask for a reading list.13. what did the author realize after seeing gracie?a. writing is a matter of personal preferences.b. readers are often carried away by character.c. each type of literature has its unique end.d. a story which begins well will end well.14. what is expected of a good ending?a. it satisfies readers’ taste. b. it fits with the story development.c. it is usually positive. d. it is open for imagination.15. why does the author mention peter mountford and elizabeth sims?a. to give examples of great novelists. b. to stress the theme of this issue.c. to encourage writing for the magazine. d. to recommend their new books.【答案】12. a 13. c 14. b 15. b【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章首先通过作者与教授关于小说结局的讨论引发了对结局的思考，接着阐述了不同类型的文学作品结局的特点，最后提出了写作好的结局的重要性并介绍了《writer’s digest》杂志如何帮助作家写出更好的结尾。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段““i didn’t like the ending,” i said to my favorite college professor. it was my junior year of undergraduate, and i was doing an independent study on victorian literature. i had just finished reading the mill on the floss by george eliot, and i was heartbroken with the ending. prof. gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether i liked it or not.( “我不喜欢这个结局，”我对我最喜欢的大学教授说。那是我大三的时候，我正在做一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究。我刚刚读完乔治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，读到结尾我很伤心。格雷西教授耐心地让我考虑一下，不要只看我喜不喜欢)”可知，作者去找格雷西教授是为了讨论小说。故选a项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“this was an aha moment for me, and i never thought about endings the same way again. from then on, if i wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, i’d pick up a love romance. if i wanted an ending i couldn’t guess, i’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说). one where i kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. choosing what to read became easier.( 这对我来说是一个顿悟的时刻，我再也没有想过同样的结局。从那时起，如果我想读一个保证幸福的结局，我就会选一部爱情小说。如果我想要一个我猜不到的结局，我会选一本神秘小说。一种是我知道会发生什么，历史小说。选择读什么变得更容易了)”可知，见过格雷西教授后，作者意识到了每种类型的文学都有其独特的结局。故选c项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“but writing the end—that’s hard. it’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. you have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters.(但是写出结局——那很难。对作家来说很难，因为结局对读者来说意义重大。你必须平衡创造一个不可预测的结局，但这个结局又不能显得凭空而来，要适合角色的设定)”可知，人们对一个好结局的期望是结局又不能显得凭空而来，要适合角色的设定，也就是符合故事的发展。故选b项。15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“that’s why this issue (期) of writer’s digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. if it’s short stories, peter mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. elizabeth sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.( 这就是为什么这期《writer’s digest》旨在帮助你找出如何为你正在写的任何类型的作品写出最好的结局。如果是短篇小说，彼得·蒙特福德分解了六种技巧，你可以尝试看看哪一种能帮助你完美着陆。伊丽莎白·西姆斯分析了五部伟大小说的最后几章，看看它们包含了哪些关键点，以及你如何将它们应用到你的作品中)”可知，作者提到彼得·蒙福德和伊丽莎白·西姆斯是为了强调这期《writer’s digest》的主题，即帮助读者写出更好的结尾。故选b项。第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分）根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。what is moderation (适度)? basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. you should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ but it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. take your time. it's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ it actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. eat with others whenever possible. eating alone, “specially in front of the tv or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. and be careful about the foods you keep at hand. it's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____19____ many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. but by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. ____20____ a healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. avoid eating late at night. try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.a. eat properly throughout the day.b. we don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.c. don't swallow a meal on the way to work.d. most of us need to double the amount we eat.e. instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.f. for many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.g. that won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.【答案】16. f 17. c 18. e 19. b 20. a【解析】【16题详解】上文“basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs, you should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“but it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。f项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选f项。【17题详解】根据上文“take your time. it’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。c项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故选c项。【18题详解】上文“it’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，e项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选e项。【19题详解】根据本段首句“control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。b项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选b项。【20题详解】设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“a healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, avoid eating late at night. try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。a项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选a项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节, 满分45分）第一节（共20小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。one day we had a family dinner. while the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, i was left alone in the ____21____ to help my grandmother wash dishes. ____22____ my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood. born just before wwii, my grandmother ____23____ an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. she did not have a chance to go to ____24____. like in typical families, where boys were ____25____ much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do ____26____. the only opportunity (机会) she could seize to ____27____ was when her brother was having chinese ____28____ with the family tutor. she would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening ____29____. this training taught her to read and write her chinese upside down — a skill that has turned out to be quite ____30____, especially whenever we share the newspaper. on most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then, and her brother would go to the ____31____. there, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their ____32____ while they watched all action going on around them. this is something i ____33____ — her ability to open her ____34____ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. my childhood is quite ____35____ compared with hers. i am ____36____ that i did not need to ____37____ the hardships like she did. i've never faced the problem of ____38____. i guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to ____39____ to: her stories always make my history textbooks ____40____.21. a. sitting room b. kitchen c. yard d. dining hall22. a. as always b. by the way c. for example d. here and now23. a. adjusted b. promoted c. achieved d. experienced24. a. work b. school c. court d. press25. a. favored b. tolerated c. trusted d. acknowledged26. a. gardening b. homework c. business d. housework27. a. exercise b. study c. explore d. teach28. a. food b. guests c. lessons d. tea29. a. closely b. directly c. nervously d. freely30. a. professional b. awkward c. simple d. practical31. a. market b. mountain c. beach d. class32. a. secret b. breath c. view d. tongue33. a. admire b. notice c. adopt d. value34. a. hands b. mouth c. eyes d. arms35. a. difficult b. complex c. happy d. similar36. a. grateful b. surprised c. convinced d. regretful37. a. reflect upon b. go through c. ask about d. prepare for38. a. unemployment b. health c. education d. communication39. a. attend b. refer c. lead d. talk40. a. come true b. come round c. come out d. come alive【答案】21. b 22. a 23. d 24. b 25. a 26. d 27. b 28. c 29. a 30. d 31. c 32. b 33. a 34. c 35. c 36. a 37. b 38. c 39. d 40. d【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者祖母的童年故事，以及作者从故事中得到的感悟。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当大人们在外面忙于严肃的谈话时，我一个人留在厨房里帮奶奶洗碗。a. sitting room客厅；b. kitchen厨房；c. yard院子；d. dining hall餐厅。根据下文“to help my grandmother wash dishes”可推知，此处指作者在厨房洗碗。故选b。【22题详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：一如既往地，我的祖母会给我讲她童年的故事。as always一如既往；b. by the way顺便说一句；c. for example例如；d. here and now此时此地。根据语境，结合下文“my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood”可推知，此处指作者的祖母经常给作者讲童年故事，这次一如既往的给作者讲她童年的故事。故选a。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母出生在二战前夕，她的童年生活方式与我的完全不同。a. adjusted调整；b. promoted促进；c. achieved完成；d. experienced经历。根据下文“an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine”可推知，此处指祖母经历的童年与作者的不同。故选d。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有机会上学。a. work工作；b. school学校；c. court法院；d. press出版社。根据下文“the only opportunity she could seize to ____7____ was when her brother was having chinese ____8____ with the family tutor”可推知，此处在指祖母生活的年代，她是没有机会上学的。故选b。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。a. favored赞成；b. tolerated容忍；c. trusted信任；d. acknowledged承认。根据上文“she did not have a chance to go to school. like in typical families”并结合语境可推知，此处指作者祖母生活的年代是重男轻女的，所以祖母才不被允许上学。故选a。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。a.gardening园艺；b. homework家庭作业；c. business商务；d.housework家务。结合语境，再根据上文“my grandma had to stay at home”可推知，此处指作者祖母在家里做家务。故选d。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。a. exercise锻炼；b. study学习；c. explore探索；d. teach教学。根据上文“she did not have a chance to go to school.”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此处指祖母不被允许上学，自己找机会学习。故选b。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。a. food食物；b. guests客人；c. lessons课程；d. tea茶。根据上文“having chinese”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此处指祖母的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课。故选c。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她会安静地坐在长长的餐桌的另一端，仔细地听着。a.closely仔细地、紧密地；b. directly直接地；c. nervously紧张地；d. freely自由地。根据上文“the only opportunity she could seize to study was when her brother was having chinese lessons with the family tutor. she would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table”可推知，此处指祖母抓住学习机会，仔细地旁听学习。故选a。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项训练教会了她把中文倒过来读和写——这项技能被证明是非常实用的，尤其是当我们分享报纸的时候。a. professional专业的；b. awkward令人尴尬的；c. simple简单的；d. practical实用的。根据上文“this training taught her to read and write her chinese upside down”以及下文“especially whenever we share the newspaper”可推知，此处指祖母学会的技能是非常实用的。故选d。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大多数周末，我的祖母，当时还是个小女孩，和她的哥哥会去海滩。a. market市场；b. mountain山；c. beach海滩；d. class班级。根据下文“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可推知，此处指祖母和哥哥去海滩玩水。故选c。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他们会穿过深水，盘腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看着周围发生的一切。a. secret秘密；b. breath呼吸；c. view视野；d. tongue舌头。根据上文“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可推知，此处指祖母和哥哥在水下屏住呼吸。故选b。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。a. admire钦佩；b. notice注意到；c.adopt采纳；d. value重视。根据下文“her ability to open her ____14____ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此处指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故选a。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。a. hands手；b. mouth嘴；c. eyes眼睛；d. arms胳膊。根据上文“open her”以及下文“still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此处指祖母张开嘴在水底坐着。故选c。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与她的童年相比，我的童年相当快乐。a. difficult困难的；b. complex复杂的；c. happy快乐的；d. similar相似的。通读全文，再根据“compared with hers”可推知，此处指与祖母的童年经历相比，作者的童年相当快乐。故选c。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。a. grateful感激的；b. surprised惊讶的；c. convinced深信不疑的；d. regretful后悔的。根据上文“my childhood is quite happy compared with hers.”可推知，此处指作者很感激自己的童年是快乐的。故选a。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。a. reflect upon思考；b. go through经历；c. ask about询问；d. prepare for准备。根据上文“i am grateful that i did not need”以及下文“the hardships like she did”可推知，此处指作者感激自己不需要经历祖母经历过的那些磨难。故选b。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过受教育的问题。a.unemployment失业；b. health健康；c. education教育；d. communication沟通。通读全文，再根据上文“she did not have a chance to go to school.”可推知，文章主要讲了祖母不被允许上学，没受过教育的困境，所以此处指作者从来没有遇到过受教育的问题。故选c。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。a. attend出席；b. refer参考；c. lead领导；d. talk对话、讨论。结合上文祖母给作者讲故事，再根据上文“makes my grandmother such an amazing person”可推知，此处指祖母的经历使祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人。talk to“与某人交谈”。故选d。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。a. come true成真；b. come round苏醒；c. come out出现；d. come alive变得生动。根据上文“i guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to talk to: her stories always make my history textbooks”可推知，此处指作者祖母的经历和故事丰富了作者的人生，使历史书上的故事变得生动鲜活，跃然纸上。故选d。第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. they are ____42____ (treasure) of american heritage (遗产). how did the national park system come about? on a cool, starry night in mid-september 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the firehole river in ____43____ is now northwestern wyoming. they ____44____(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. what should ____45____(do) with such a beautiful place? they wondered out loud. this area, with ____46____ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____47____ all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. they all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the ____48____ (complete) of their journey. their promotional work paid off. two years later, 18 years before wyoming became a state, yellowstone became the first national park in the united states and the world. yellowstone was the ____49____ (large) united states national park — 2.2 million acres — until wrangell-saint elias in southern alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.【答案】41. to catch 42. treasures 43. what 44. were 45. be done 46. its 47. for 48. completion 49. largest 50. which【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来，即四个男人发现了一处非常美的自然风景区，决定好好保护它以供后人欣赏，并为此做出了许多努力。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管各级都有各种规模和类型的公园，但国家公园尤其吸引我们的注意，因为它们体积大，种类繁多。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure表示“宝藏”，为可数名词，结合前文they are，应用复数形式，故填treasures。【43题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。【44题详解】考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前they指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。【45题详解】考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。【46题详解】考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。【47题详解】考查介词。句意同上。介词for表目的，表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。 故填for。【48题详解】考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词作宾语，complete名词形式completion，不可数，故填completion。【49题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。【50题详解】考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为wrangell-saint elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。last week, i saw a program about chongqing hotpot on tv. i was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me. our fast train was packing with passengers. a attendant gave us some travel brochures about chongqing. when we arrived, we went straight a famous restaurant and ordered dishes, which tasted greatly. the atmosphere here made the meal all the more enjoyed. hotpot is meant for families and friends to sit together, dip everything they like this in one pot, and shared friendship and love.【答案】1 but→and2. me→mine3. packing→packed4. a→an 5. straight后加 to6. greatly → great7. here → there8. enjoyed →enjoyable9.去掉this10. shared→share【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者看了一个关于重庆火锅的节目后和一个朋友去那里一日游的经历。【详解】1. 考查连词。句意：我很好奇，和我的一个朋友计划了一个特别的一日游。前后句之间为顺承关系，所以用并列连词and。故将but改成and。2. 考查代词。句意：我很好奇，和我的一个朋友计划了一个特别的一日游。a friend of mine我的一个朋友。介词of后接是名词性物主代词作宾语。故将me改成mine。3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的快车上挤满了乘客。be packed with“挤满”，pack与train是被动关系。故将packing改成packed。4. 考查冠词。句意：一位服务员给了我们一些关于重庆的旅游手册。名词attendant 发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。a改成an 。5. 考查介词。句意：当我们到达时，我们直接去了一家著名的餐馆，点了一些菜，味道很好。固定短语go straight to“径直前往”。故在straight后加 to。6. 考查形容词。句意：当我们到达时，我们直接去了一家著名的餐馆，点了一些菜，味道很好。tasted是系动词，后接形容词作表语。故将greatly 改成 great 。7. 考查代词。句意：那里的气氛使这顿饭更加愉快。描述刚刚到达的餐馆，用there指代上文提到的餐馆。故将here 改成 there。8. 考查形容词。句意：那里的气氛使这顿饭更加愉快。more后接形容词形式，在句中作宾语补足语。故将enjoyed 改成enjoyable。9. 考查定语从句。句意：火锅意味着家人和朋友坐在一起，把他们喜欢的东西放在一个锅里，分享友谊和爱。分析句子结构可知，这里为定语从句。先行词为everything，在定语从句中作宾语，省略关系代词that，从句中this多余。故去掉this。10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：火锅意味着家人和朋友坐在一起，把他们喜欢的东西放在一个锅里，分享友谊和爱。不定式to后接动词原形sit ，dip和share，表示目的。故将shared改成share。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52. 英语课要求做课堂展示, 请你根据所给图片，以development of transport in china为题写一篇发言稿。注意: 1. 词数 100 左右; 2. 题目和首句已为你写好。development of transport in chinafrom the vehicle of horses to today's convenient transport, chinese transport has an enormous development. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】development of transport in chinafrom the vehicle of horses to today’s convenient transport, chinese transport has seen enormous development. chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations, giving the chinese people access to different ways of travelling. firstly, shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility, offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips. secondly, the introduction of high- speed trains has dramatically shortened travel times, making intercity travel faster and more comfortable. lastly, the proliferation of new energy vehicles underscores china’s dedication to environmental sustainability, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. these developments illustrate china’s journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances convenience with environmental responsibility.in short, china’s transport system is embracing innovation and eco-friendliness.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据所给图片，以development of transport in china为题写一篇发言稿。【详解】1.词汇激活提供：offer→provide极大地：dramatically→tremendously减少：reduce→decrease总之：in short→in a nutshell2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：firstly, shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility, offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips.拓展句：firstly, shared bicycles, which offer an affordable and green alternative for short trips have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility.【点睛】【高分句型1】chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations, giving the chinese people access to different ways of travelling.(运用了现在分词作状语)【高分句型2】these developments illustrate china’s journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances convenience with environmental responsibility.(运用了that引导的定语从句)1—5 acbca 6—10 bbcab 11—15 ababc 16—20 acbca 第1页/共1页学科网（北京）股份有限公司$$